Annual government: Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Japan
Japan: Annual government: Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) was -10.65 million National currency in 2024. ▲ Rising
Annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators in Japan, 2005–2024
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in National currency.
Analysis
In 2024, annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators in Japan stood at -10.65 million National currency. That is the highest value across all 20 years on record.
That represents a change of up 25.8% on the previous year and up 63.9% over ten years.
Over the whole period, annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators in Japan peaked at -10.65 million National currency in 2024 and was at its lowest, -50.07 million National currency, in 2020.
That places Japan 34th out of 36 countries with data for 2024, putting it in the bottom quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 20 years of available data.
Annual government: Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Japan, year by year
| Year | National currency | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2005 | -23.60 million National currency | — |
| 2006 | -16.19 million National currency | -31.4% |
| 2007 | -15.56 million National currency | -3.9% |
| 2008 | -21.69 million National currency | +39.4% |
| 2009 | -48.06 million National currency | +121.6% |
| 2010 | -46.18 million National currency | -3.9% |
| 2011 | -45.20 million National currency | -2.1% |
| 2012 | -41.56 million National currency | -8.0% |
| 2013 | -39.21 million National currency | -5.7% |
| 2014 | -29.48 million National currency | -24.8% |
| 2015 | -19.98 million National currency | -32.2% |
| 2016 | -19.88 million National currency | -0.5% |
| 2017 | -17.23 million National currency | -13.3% |
| 2018 | -13.90 million National currency | -19.3% |
| 2019 | -17.41 million National currency | +25.3% |
| 2020 | -50.07 million National currency | +187.5% |
| 2021 | -36.27 million National currency | -27.6% |
| 2022 | -24.47 million National currency | -32.5% |
| 2023 | -14.36 million National currency | -41.3% |
| 2024 | -10.65 million National currency | -25.8% |
Japan compared with similar countries
- Japan's -10.65 million National currency is below the median for high income countries, which is -47,380 National currency, 224.8× the median. (30 countries reporting)
- Japan's -10.65 million National currency is below the median for East Asia & Pacific, which is -8.21 million National currency, 1.3× the median. (5 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Annual government: Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Japan changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | -187.5% | -17.41 million National currency | -50.07 million National currency |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | -25.02 million National currency | -48.06 million National currency | -15.56 million National currency | 5 |
| 2010s | -29.00 million National currency | -46.18 million National currency | -13.90 million National currency | 10 |
| 2020s | -27.17 million National currency | -50.07 million National currency | -10.65 million National currency | 5 |
Countries ranked near Japan
More public sector data for Japan
- Democracy, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Chief executive of the government is elected, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Elected parliament, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Men's universal right to vote, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Universal right to vote, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Universal right to vote in practice, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Arms imports 1.72 billion SIPRI trend indicator values (2025)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), per capita 7.88 SIPRI trend indicator values per person (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), per unit of GDP 0.0002 SIPRI trend indicator values per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), annual growth rate 2.09 % change on previous year (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators in Japan?
- Annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators in Japan was -10.65 million National currency in 2024, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators recorded in Japan?
- The highest recorded value was -10.65 million National currency in 2024.
- What is the lowest annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators recorded in Japan?
- The lowest recorded value was -50.07 million National currency in 2020.
- How does Japan rank for annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators?
- Japan ranks 34th out of 36 countries with data for 2024.
- Is annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators rising or falling in Japan?
- Over the last ten years it is up 63.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Japan data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of Annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators (Balancing items) — Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
This table presents the full sequence of non-financial accounts for the General Government sector and its sub-sectors from the production account to the capital account. It shows the balancing items and is designed to be used in conjunction with the tables entitled ‘Annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators (Revenue)’ and ‘Annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators (Expenditure)’. The presentation is on a country-by-country basis. Users are recommended to select one country (or area) at a time in the ‘Reference area’ filter in order to view the full sequence of non-financial accounts. Alternatively, specific lines within the sequence can be selected using the ‘Transaction’ filter to compare this item for combinations of sectors, countries and time periods. It is also possible to select the government sub-sectors – central, local and state (regional) government and social security funds – using the ‘Institutional sector’ filter.These indicators were presented in the previous dissemination system in the SNA_TABLE12 dataset. See ANA Changes for information on changes in methodology: ANA Changes Explore also the Government Finances and Public Sector Debt webpage: Government Finances and Public Sector Debt webpage OECD statistics contact: STAT.Contact@oecd.org