Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)
Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries): Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) was -1.2% in 2024. ◆ Volatile
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries), 1994–2024
Source: Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF). Measured in % of GDP.
Analysis
In 2024, net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries) stood at -1.2%.
That represents a change of down 5.5% on the previous year and down 30.6% over ten years.
Over the whole period, net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries) peaked at 3.2% in 2007 and was at its lowest, -5.2%, in 2009.
Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries) ranks 1st of 26 groups on this measure, in the top 10%.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries), year by year
| Year | % of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1994 | -5.0% | — |
| 1995 | 3.1% | -161.0% |
| 1998 | -5.0% | -263.4% |
| 1999 | -1.2% | -76.4% |
| 2000 | 0.3% | -127.7% |
| 2001 | 0.4% | +19.9% |
| 2002 | 3.1% | +700.9% |
| 2003 | 0.0% | -98.8% |
| 2004 | 1.9% | +4876.5% |
| 2007 | 3.2% | +67.5% |
| 2008 | 1.7% | -47.3% |
| 2009 | -5.2% | -404.3% |
| 2010 | -2.5% | -51.5% |
| 2011 | 0.9% | -134.0% |
| 2012 | 0.6% | -29.5% |
| 2013 | -0.1% | -116.2% |
| 2014 | -0.9% | +812.5% |
| 2015 | -1.5% | +67.1% |
| 2016 | -1.8% | +18.6% |
| 2017 | -1.7% | -5.8% |
| 2018 | 0.9% | -155.3% |
| 2019 | -0.1% | -114.9% |
| 2020 | -4.0% | +2811.7% |
| 2021 | -1.0% | -76.0% |
| 2022 | -1.2% | +27.8% |
| 2023 | -1.1% | -10.1% |
| 2024 | -1.2% | +5.5% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | -2.0% | -5.0% | 3.1% | 4 |
| 2000s | 0.7% | -5.2% | 3.2% | 8 |
| 2010s | -0.6% | -2.5% | 0.9% | 10 |
| 2020s | -1.7% | -4.0% | -1.0% | 5 |
Countries ranked near Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)
More public sector data for Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)
- Arms imports 8.83 billion SIPRI trend indicator values (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), per capita 19.2 SIPRI trend indicator values per person (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), per unit of GDP 0.0014 SIPRI trend indicator values per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), annual growth rate 13.61 % change on previous year (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), gaps filled 8.83 billion SIPRI trend indicator values (2024)
- Military expenditure (current USD), per capita 657.44 current USD per person (2024)
- Military expenditure (current USD), per unit of GDP 0.0492 current USD per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Military expenditure (current USD), annual growth rate 25.48 % change on previous year (2024)
- Military expenditure (current USD), gaps filled 302.41 billion current USD (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), per square kilometre 338.22 SIPRI trend indicator values per square kilometre (2023)
Frequently asked questions
- What is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)?
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries) was -1.2% in 2024, according to Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF).
- What is the highest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) recorded in Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)?
- The highest recorded value was 3.2% in 2007.
- What is the lowest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) recorded in Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)?
- The lowest recorded value was -5.2% in 2009.
- How does Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries) rank for net lending (+) / net borrowing (-)?
- Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries) ranks 1st out of 26 groups with data for 2024.
- Is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) rising or falling in Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)?
- Over the last ten years it is down 30.6%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries) data come from?
- The figures come from Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF), published as part of Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (–) equals government revenue minus expense, minus net investment in nonfinancial assets. It is also equal to the net result of transactions in financial assets and liabilities. Net lending/net borrowing is a summary measure indicating the extent to which government is either putting financial resources at the disposal of other sectors in the economy or abroad, or utilizing the financial resources generated by other sectors in the economy or from abroad. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.