Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP) in India
India: Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP) was -5.3% in 2022. ◆ Volatile
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in India, 1974–2022
Source: Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF). Measured in % of GDP.
Analysis
India recorded -5.3% for net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in 2022.
That represents a change of down 39.7% over ten years.
Over the whole period, net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in India peaked at 0.2% in 1977 and was at its lowest, -5.5%, in 2009.
India ranks 129th of 156 countries on this measure, in the bottom quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP) in India, year by year
| Year | % of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1974 | -0.1% | — |
| 1975 | 0.2% | -275.3% |
| 1976 | 0.1% | -14.4% |
| 1977 | 0.2% | +43.6% |
| 1978 | -0.1% | -158.2% |
| 1979 | -0.9% | +744.8% |
| 1980 | -1.0% | +10.6% |
| 1981 | -0.5% | -50.0% |
| 1982 | -0.8% | +56.7% |
| 1983 | -1.3% | +62.5% |
| 1984 | -2.0% | +56.6% |
| 1985 | -2.3% | +13.6% |
| 1986 | -2.9% | +28.6% |
| 1987 | -3.1% | +5.4% |
| 1988 | -3.1% | -0.5% |
| 1989 | -2.7% | -10.4% |
| 1990 | -3.4% | +23.3% |
| 1991 | -2.2% | -33.6% |
| 1992 | -2.3% | +2.5% |
| 1993 | -3.9% | +69.3% |
| 1994 | -2.4% | -38.4% |
| 1995 | -2.2% | -9.3% |
| 1996 | -2.0% | -7.4% |
| 1997 | -2.8% | +38.2% |
| 1998 | -3.3% | +18.4% |
| 1999 | -3.3% | -0.7% |
| 2000 | -3.8% | +16.1% |
| 2001 | -4.3% | +14.1% |
| 2002 | -4.7% | +7.2% |
| 2003 | -3.4% | -26.4% |
| 2004 | -3.3% | -5.1% |
| 2005 | -3.2% | -0.8% |
| 2006 | -2.3% | -29.9% |
| 2007 | -0.5% | -78.8% |
| 2008 | -5.0% | +937.9% |
| 2009 | -5.5% | +10.9% |
| 2010 | -3.5% | -36.9% |
| 2011 | -3.2% | -7.9% |
| 2012 | -3.8% | +17.4% |
| 2013 | -4.1% | +8.0% |
| 2014 | -3.2% | -20.1% |
| 2015 | -2.8% | -14.5% |
| 2016 | -2.4% | -12.9% |
| 2017 | -2.6% | +5.6% |
| 2018 | -2.3% | -9.8% |
| 2022 | -5.3% | +128.4% |
India compared with similar countries
- India's -5.3% is below the median for lower middle income countries, which is -3.0%, 1.7× the median. (36 countries reporting)
- India's -5.3% is above the median for South Asia, which is -5.6%, 94% of the median. (6 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP) in India changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 | -937.9% | -0.5% | -5.0% |
| 1979 | -744.8% | -0.1% | -0.9% |
| 1975 | +275.3% | -0.1% | 0.2% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970s | -0.1% | -0.9% | 0.2% | 6 |
| 1980s | -2.0% | -3.1% | -0.5% | 10 |
| 1990s | -2.8% | -3.9% | -2.0% | 10 |
| 2000s | -3.6% | -5.5% | -0.5% | 10 |
| 2010s | -3.1% | -4.1% | -2.3% | 9 |
| 2020s | -5.3% | -5.3% | -5.3% | 1 |
Countries ranked near India
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Frequently asked questions
- What is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in India?
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in India was -5.3% in 2022, according to Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF).
- What is the highest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) recorded in India?
- The highest recorded value was 0.2% in 1977.
- What is the lowest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) recorded in India?
- The lowest recorded value was -5.5% in 2009.
- How does India rank for net lending (+) / net borrowing (-)?
- India ranks 129th out of 156 countries with data for 2022.
- Is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) rising or falling in India?
- Over the last ten years it is down 39.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this India data come from?
- The figures come from Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF), published as part of Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (–) equals government revenue minus expense, minus net investment in nonfinancial assets. It is also equal to the net result of transactions in financial assets and liabilities. Net lending/net borrowing is a summary measure indicating the extent to which government is either putting financial resources at the disposal of other sectors in the economy or abroad, or utilizing the financial resources generated by other sectors in the economy or from abroad. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.