Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Spain

Spain: Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) was -3.2% in 2024. ◆ Volatile

Latest (2024)
-3.2%
Change on year
down 39.9%
World rank
94th
of 156 countries
All-time high
7.6%
in 2001
All-time low
-9.7%
in 2020
Years of data
53
1972–2024

Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Spain, 1972–2024

-10-50510197219982024

Source: Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF). Measured in % of GDP.

Analysis

In 2024, net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Spain stood at -3.2%.

That represents a change of down 39.9% on the previous year and up 33.0% over ten years.

Over the whole period, net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Spain peaked at 7.6% in 2001 and was at its lowest, -9.7%, in 2020.

Spain ranks 94th of 156 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.

The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1970s -0.2% -1.6% 0.4% 8
1980s -3.5% -5.6% -1.6% 10
1990s -0.7% -6.5% 6.5% 10
2000s 1.6% -8.2% 7.6% 10
2010s -4.4% -9.5% -2.5% 10
2020s -5.0% -9.7% -2.3% 5

Countries ranked near Spain

  1. 91 Turkey -3.0% compare
  2. 92 Serbia -3.1% compare
  3. 93 Uruguay -3.1% compare
  4. 95 Zambia -3.2% compare
  5. 96 Peru -3.2% compare
  6. 97 Papua New Guinea -3.3% compare

See the full ranking of 182 places →

More public sector data for Spain

All data for Spain →

Frequently asked questions

What is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Spain?
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Spain was -3.2% in 2024, according to Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF).
What is the highest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) recorded in Spain?
The highest recorded value was 7.6% in 2001.
What is the lowest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) recorded in Spain?
The lowest recorded value was -9.7% in 2020.
How does Spain rank for net lending (+) / net borrowing (-)?
Spain ranks 94th out of 156 countries with data for 2024.
Is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) rising or falling in Spain?
Over the last ten years it is up 33.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
Where does this Spain data come from?
The figures come from Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF), published as part of Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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About this data

Indicator
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP)
Unit
% of GDP
Source
Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage
182 places, 5,229 data points, 1972–2024
Last refreshed

Net lending (+) / net borrowing (–) equals government revenue minus expense, minus net investment in nonfinancial assets. It is also equal to the net result of transactions in financial assets and liabilities. Net lending/net borrowing is a summary measure indicating the extent to which government is either putting financial resources at the disposal of other sectors in the economy or abroad, or utilizing the financial resources generated by other sectors in the economy or from abroad. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.