Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) vs Tonga: Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-)
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) over time
- Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)
- Tonga
How they compare
Tonga currently reports 5.3% against -3.6% in Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income), a difference of 8.9%.
That makes Tonga's figure about 1.4 times Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)'s.
The two have swapped places 1 time across 11 shared years of data; in 2013 it was Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) ahead.
Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) ranks 11th and Tonga ranks 8th of 26 groups.
Tonga has averaged higher in every one of the 2 decades both report.
Head to head by decade
| Decade | Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) | Tonga | Difference | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2010s | -0.7% | 2.0% | 2.7% | Tonga |
| 2020s | -3.4% | 2.2% | 5.6% | Tonga |
Averages of every year both report within each decade.
Frequently asked questions
- Which has higher net lending (+) / net borrowing (-), Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) or Tonga?
- Tonga, at 5.3% against -3.6% in Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) as of 2023.
- What is the difference in net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) between Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) and Tonga?
- 8.9%, with Tonga ahead.
- How many years of comparable data are there for Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) and Tonga?
- 11 years are reported by both, from 2013 to 2023.
- How do Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) and Tonga rank globally for net lending (+) / net borrowing (-)?
- Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) ranks 11th and Tonga ranks 8th of 26 groups.
- Where does this data come from?
- Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF), published as Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP). Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.
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About this data
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (–) equals government revenue minus expense, minus net investment in nonfinancial assets. It is also equal to the net result of transactions in financial assets and liabilities. Net lending/net borrowing is a summary measure indicating the extent to which government is either putting financial resources at the disposal of other sectors in the economy or abroad, or utilizing the financial resources generated by other sectors in the economy or from abroad. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.