Annual government: Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Germany
Germany: Annual government: Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) was -119,147 National currency in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators in Germany, 1995–2025
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in National currency.
Analysis
Germany recorded -119,147 National currency for annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators in 2025.
That represents a change of down 3.3% on the previous year and down 521.9% over ten years.
Over the whole period, annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators in Germany peaked at 64,667 National currency in 2018 and was at its lowest, -179,290 National currency, in 1995.
That places Germany 20th out of 36 countries with data for 2025, putting it in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Annual government: Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Germany, year by year
| Year | National currency | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1995 | -179,290 National currency | — |
| 1996 | -70,169 National currency | -60.9% |
| 1997 | -59,551 National currency | -15.1% |
| 1998 | -53,582 National currency | -10.0% |
| 1999 | -38,771 National currency | -27.6% |
| 2000 | -36,509 National currency | -5.8% |
| 2001 | -68,602 National currency | +87.9% |
| 2002 | -90,850 National currency | +32.4% |
| 2003 | -85,812 National currency | -5.5% |
| 2004 | -78,445 National currency | -8.6% |
| 2005 | -78,396 National currency | -0.1% |
| 2006 | -42,584 National currency | -45.7% |
| 2007 | 3,937 National currency | -109.2% |
| 2008 | -6,809 National currency | -272.9% |
| 2009 | -79,207 National currency | +1063.3% |
| 2010 | -115,620 National currency | +46.0% |
| 2011 | -23,074 National currency | -80.0% |
| 2012 | -1,521 National currency | -93.4% |
| 2013 | 3,512 National currency | -330.9% |
| 2014 | 21,832 National currency | +521.6% |
| 2015 | 28,239 National currency | +29.3% |
| 2016 | 36,237 National currency | +28.3% |
| 2017 | 44,571 National currency | +23.0% |
| 2018 | 64,667 National currency | +45.1% |
| 2019 | 46,949 National currency | -27.4% |
| 2020 | -151,131 National currency | -421.9% |
| 2021 | -116,630 National currency | -22.8% |
| 2022 | -76,138 National currency | -34.7% |
| 2023 | -105,249 National currency | +38.2% |
| 2024 | -115,295 National currency | +9.5% |
| 2025 | -119,147 National currency | +3.3% |
Germany compared with similar countries
- Germany's -119,147 National currency is below the median for high income countries, which is -47,380 National currency, 2.5× the median. (30 countries reporting)
- Germany's -119,147 National currency is below the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is -27,342 National currency, 4.4× the median. (22 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Annual government: Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Germany changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2009 | -1063.3% | -6,809 National currency | -79,207 National currency |
| 2014 | +521.6% | 3,512 National currency | 21,832 National currency |
| 2020 | -421.9% | 46,949 National currency | -151,131 National currency |
| 2013 | +330.9% | -1,521 National currency | 3,512 National currency |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | -80,273 National currency | -179,290 National currency | -38,771 National currency | 5 |
| 2000s | -56,328 National currency | -90,850 National currency | 3,937 National currency | 10 |
| 2010s | 10,579 National currency | -115,620 National currency | 64,667 National currency | 10 |
| 2020s | -113,932 National currency | -151,131 National currency | -76,138 National currency | 6 |
Countries ranked near Germany
More public sector data for Germany
- Democracy, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Chief executive of the government is elected, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Elected parliament, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Men's universal right to vote, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Universal right to vote, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Universal right to vote in practice, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Arms imports 1.63 billion SIPRI trend indicator values (2025)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), per capita 2.86 SIPRI trend indicator values per person (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), per unit of GDP 0.0001 SIPRI trend indicator values per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), annual growth rate 19.5 % change on previous year (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators in Germany?
- Annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators in Germany was -119,147 National currency in 2025, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators recorded in Germany?
- The highest recorded value was 64,667 National currency in 2018.
- What is the lowest annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators recorded in Germany?
- The lowest recorded value was -179,290 National currency in 1995.
- How does Germany rank for annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators?
- Germany ranks 20th out of 36 countries with data for 2025.
- Is annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators rising or falling in Germany?
- Over the last ten years it is down 521.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Germany data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of Annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators (Balancing items) — Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
This table presents the full sequence of non-financial accounts for the General Government sector and its sub-sectors from the production account to the capital account. It shows the balancing items and is designed to be used in conjunction with the tables entitled ‘Annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators (Revenue)’ and ‘Annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators (Expenditure)’. The presentation is on a country-by-country basis. Users are recommended to select one country (or area) at a time in the ‘Reference area’ filter in order to view the full sequence of non-financial accounts. Alternatively, specific lines within the sequence can be selected using the ‘Transaction’ filter to compare this item for combinations of sectors, countries and time periods. It is also possible to select the government sub-sectors – central, local and state (regional) government and social security funds – using the ‘Institutional sector’ filter.These indicators were presented in the previous dissemination system in the SNA_TABLE12 dataset. See ANA Changes for information on changes in methodology: ANA Changes Explore also the Government Finances and Public Sector Debt webpage: Government Finances and Public Sector Debt webpage OECD statistics contact: STAT.Contact@oecd.org