Bibliometric indicators: Fractional counts of scientific publications in Indonesia
Indonesia: Bibliometric indicators: Fractional counts of scientific publications was 2,610 Scientific publications in 2024. ◆ Volatile
Bibliometric indicators, by Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Indonesia, 2015–2024
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Scientific publications.
Analysis
In 2024, bibliometric indicators, by sustainable development goals (sdgs) in Indonesia stood at 2,610 Scientific publications. That is the highest value across all 10 years on record.
That represents a change of up 20.3% on the previous year and up 885.8% over ten years.
Over the whole period, bibliometric indicators, by sustainable development goals (sdgs) in Indonesia peaked at 2,610 Scientific publications in 2024 and was at its lowest, 264.8 Scientific publications, in 2015.
Indonesia ranks 13th of 48 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Bibliometric indicators: Fractional counts of scientific publications in Indonesia, year by year
| Year | Scientific publications | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2015 | 264.8 Scientific publications | — |
| 2016 | 414.01 Scientific publications | +56.3% |
| 2017 | 741.02 Scientific publications | +79.0% |
| 2018 | 1,035 Scientific publications | +39.6% |
| 2019 | 1,513 Scientific publications | +46.2% |
| 2020 | 1,534 Scientific publications | +1.4% |
| 2021 | 1,780 Scientific publications | +16.0% |
| 2022 | 1,599 Scientific publications | -10.2% |
| 2023 | 2,171 Scientific publications | +35.7% |
| 2024 | 2,610 Scientific publications | +20.3% |
Indonesia compared with similar countries
- Indonesia's 2,610 Scientific publications is above the median for upper middle income countries, which is 854.82 Scientific publications, 3.1× the median. (12 countries reporting)
- Indonesia's 2,610 Scientific publications is above the median for East Asia & Pacific, which is 2,010 Scientific publications, 1.3× the median. (8 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2010s | 793.53 Scientific publications | 264.8 Scientific publications | 1,513 Scientific publications | 5 |
| 2020s | 1,939 Scientific publications | 1,534 Scientific publications | 2,610 Scientific publications | 5 |
Countries ranked near Indonesia
- 10 Lithuania 186.34 Scientific publications compare
- 10 Spain 4,447 Scientific publications compare
- 11 Australia 3,689 Scientific publications compare
- 11 Estonia 151.17 Scientific publications compare
- 12 Latvia 91.18 Scientific publications compare
- 12 Brazil 3,297 Scientific publications compare
- 14 Switzerland 2,160 Scientific publications compare
- 15 Israel 1,675 Scientific publications compare
- 16 Sweden 1,625 Scientific publications compare
More public sector data for Indonesia
- Democracy, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Chief executive of the government is elected, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Elected parliament, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Men's universal right to vote, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Universal right to vote, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Universal right to vote in practice, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Democracy 6 (2025)
- Chief executive of the government is elected 1 (2025)
- Elected parliament 1 (2025)
- Men's universal right to vote 1 (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is bibliometric indicators, by sustainable development goals (sdgs) in Indonesia?
- Bibliometric indicators, by sustainable development goals (sdgs) in Indonesia was 2,610 Scientific publications in 2024, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest bibliometric indicators, by sustainable development goals (sdgs) recorded in Indonesia?
- The highest recorded value was 2,610 Scientific publications in 2024.
- What is the lowest bibliometric indicators, by sustainable development goals (sdgs) recorded in Indonesia?
- The lowest recorded value was 264.8 Scientific publications in 2015.
- How does Indonesia rank for bibliometric indicators, by sustainable development goals (sdgs)?
- Indonesia ranks 13th out of 48 countries with data for 2024.
- Is bibliometric indicators, by sustainable development goals (sdgs) rising or falling in Indonesia?
- Over the last ten years it is up 885.8%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Indonesia data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of Bibliometric indicators, by Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) — Fractional counts of scientific publications. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
This dataset presents trends in the total number of scientific publications relevant to societal goals, as proxied by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) framework, expressed in fractional counts, for the 2015–2024 period. Coverage includes OECD member and accession countries, key partners (Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, and South Africa), and other selected non-OECD economies. This is an experimental indicator, developed under the OECD’s Fundstat initiative to improve evidence on the directionality and societal relevance of research and development (R&D) activities, by linking scientific output to 17 SDGs or none. To produce this indicator, the OECD developed a probabilistic AI-assisted classification model that identifies the SDG relevance of scientific publications based on their titles and abstracts. The approach builds on insights from the OECD International Survey of Science (ISSA2021), in which researchers reported which SDG their research contributed to. Using these responses, a labelled dataset was created to fine-tune SciBERT, a large language model (LLM) pre-trained on scientific literature, enabling it to predict the probability of relevance of a given text to each of the 17 SDGs, or to none. The trained classifier is then applied to publication titles and abstracts from the Scopus Custom Data. Publication counts are fractionalised across countries and aggregated annually for comparability. For further information on the methodology, see: Aristodemou, L., et al. (2025), “Assessing the direction of R&D funding towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with a new classifier and the OECD Fundstat infrastructure”, OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers. Source: OECD Bibliometric Indicators, calculations based on Elsevier's Scopus Custom Data, Elsevier, Version 1.2026. Please cite as: OECD (2026), OECD Bibliometric indicators, OECD Science, Technology and Innovation Statistics, http://oe.cd/scientometrics, accessed on xx/xx/xxxx.