Bibliometric indicators, by Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Estonia
Estonia: Bibliometric indicators, by Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) was 151.17 Scientific publications in 2024. ▲ Rising
Bibliometric indicators, by Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Estonia, 2015–2024
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Scientific publications.
Analysis
In 2024, bibliometric indicators, by sustainable development goals (sdgs) in Estonia stood at 151.17 Scientific publications.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 10.7% on the previous year and up 25.8% over ten years.
Over the whole period, bibliometric indicators, by sustainable development goals (sdgs) in Estonia peaked at 169.31 Scientific publications in 2023 and was at its lowest, 120.13 Scientific publications, in 2016.
Bibliometric indicators, by Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Estonia, year by year
| Year | Scientific publications | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2015 | 120.17 Scientific publications | — |
| 2016 | 120.13 Scientific publications | -0.0% |
| 2017 | 124.62 Scientific publications | +3.7% |
| 2018 | 126.58 Scientific publications | +1.6% |
| 2019 | 132.46 Scientific publications | +4.6% |
| 2020 | 140.84 Scientific publications | +6.3% |
| 2021 | 160.33 Scientific publications | +13.8% |
| 2022 | 161.71 Scientific publications | +0.9% |
| 2023 | 169.31 Scientific publications | +4.7% |
| 2024 | 151.17 Scientific publications | -10.7% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2010s | 124.79 Scientific publications | 120.13 Scientific publications | 132.46 Scientific publications | 5 |
| 2020s | 156.67 Scientific publications | 140.84 Scientific publications | 169.31 Scientific publications | 5 |
Countries ranked near Estonia
- 8 Russian Federation 5,475 Scientific publications compare
- 9 Canada 4,769 Scientific publications compare
- 10 Spain 4,447 Scientific publications compare
- 11 Australia 3,689 Scientific publications compare
- 12 Brazil 3,297 Scientific publications compare
- 13 Indonesia 2,610 Scientific publications compare
- 14 Switzerland 2,160 Scientific publications compare
More public sector data for Estonia
- Government budget allocations for R&D — Government Allocations for R&D 447.87 US dollars, PPP converted (2024)
- Annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators -825 National currency (2025)
- Annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators (Revenue) 509.2 National currency (2025)
- Annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators 2,785 National currency (2025)
- Annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators (Revenue) 18,081 National currency (2025)
- Annual government non-financial accounts and key indicators 5,127 National currency (2025)
- NAAG Chapter 6: Government — Compensation of employees by general 12.3 Percentage of GDP (2025)
- Annual government expenditure by function (COFOG) — Gross fixed 2,478 National currency (2024)
- Annual government expenditure by function (COFOG) — Gross capital 2,780 National currency (2024)
- Annual government expenditure by function (COFOG) — Compensation of 4,872 National currency (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is bibliometric indicators, by sustainable development goals (sdgs) in Estonia?
- Bibliometric indicators, by sustainable development goals (sdgs) in Estonia was 151.17 Scientific publications in 2024, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest bibliometric indicators, by sustainable development goals (sdgs) recorded in Estonia?
- The highest recorded value was 169.31 Scientific publications in 2023.
- What is the lowest bibliometric indicators, by sustainable development goals (sdgs) recorded in Estonia?
- The lowest recorded value was 120.13 Scientific publications in 2016.
- How does Estonia rank for bibliometric indicators, by sustainable development goals (sdgs)?
- Estonia ranks 11th out of 12 groups with data for 2024.
- Is bibliometric indicators, by sustainable development goals (sdgs) rising or falling in Estonia?
- Over the last ten years it is up 25.8%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Estonia data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of Bibliometric indicators, by Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) — Fractional counts of scientific publications. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
This dataset presents trends in the total number of scientific publications relevant to societal goals, as proxied by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) framework, expressed in fractional counts, for the 2015–2024 period. Coverage includes OECD member and accession countries, key partners (Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, and South Africa), and other selected non-OECD economies. This is an experimental indicator, developed under the OECD’s Fundstat initiative to improve evidence on the directionality and societal relevance of research and development (R&D) activities, by linking scientific output to 17 SDGs or none. To produce this indicator, the OECD developed a probabilistic AI-assisted classification model that identifies the SDG relevance of scientific publications based on their titles and abstracts. The approach builds on insights from the OECD International Survey of Science (ISSA2021), in which researchers reported which SDG their research contributed to. Using these responses, a labelled dataset was created to fine-tune SciBERT, a large language model (LLM) pre-trained on scientific literature, enabling it to predict the probability of relevance of a given text to each of the 17 SDGs, or to none. The trained classifier is then applied to publication titles and abstracts from the Scopus Custom Data. Publication counts are fractionalised across countries and aggregated annually for comparability. For further information on the methodology, see: Aristodemou, L., et al. (2025), “Assessing the direction of R&D funding towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with a new classifier and the OECD Fundstat infrastructure”, OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers. Source: OECD Bibliometric Indicators, calculations based on Elsevier's Scopus Custom Data, Elsevier, Version 1.2026. Please cite as: OECD (2026), OECD Bibliometric indicators, OECD Science, Technology and Innovation Statistics, http://oe.cd/scientometrics, accessed on xx/xx/xxxx.