Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Peru
Peru: Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) was -28.47 billion current LCU in 2021. ◆ Volatile
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Peru, 1972–2021
Source: Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF). Measured in current LCU.
Analysis
In 2021, net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Peru stood at -28.47 billion current LCU.
The figure is up 58.2% on the previous year and down 559.8% over ten years.
Over the whole period, net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Peru peaked at 10.38 billion current LCU in 2012 and was at its lowest, -68.04 billion current LCU, in 2020.
Peru ranks 89th of 156 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Peru, year by year
| Year | current LCU | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1972 | -3 current LCU | — |
| 1973 | -12 current LCU | +300.0% |
| 1974 | -10 current LCU | -16.7% |
| 1975 | -18 current LCU | +80.0% |
| 1976 | -32 current LCU | +77.8% |
| 1977 | -38 current LCU | +18.8% |
| 1978 | -85 current LCU | +123.7% |
| 1979 | -19 current LCU | -77.6% |
| 1980 | -142 current LCU | +647.4% |
| 1981 | -420 current LCU | +195.8% |
| 1982 | -557 current LCU | +32.6% |
| 1983 | -2,343 current LCU | +320.6% |
| 1984 | -3,064 current LCU | +30.8% |
| 1985 | -4,563 current LCU | +48.9% |
| 1986 | -14,734 current LCU | +222.9% |
| 1987 | -44,988 current LCU | +205.3% |
| 1988 | -155,000 current LCU | +244.5% |
| 1989 | -5.96 million current LCU | +3742.6% |
| 1990 | -441.46 million current LCU | +7312.0% |
| 1991 | -543.80 million current LCU | +23.2% |
| 1992 | -1.55 billion current LCU | +185.8% |
| 1993 | -2.02 billion current LCU | +30.0% |
| 1994 | -1.87 billion current LCU | -7.3% |
| 1995 | -1.59 billion current LCU | -15.2% |
| 1996 | 3.66 billion current LCU | -330.5% |
| 1997 | 757.80 million current LCU | -79.3% |
| 1998 | -622.30 million current LCU | -182.1% |
| 1999 | -4.09 billion current LCU | +557.3% |
| 2000 | -3.82 billion current LCU | -6.6% |
| 2001 | -3.88 billion current LCU | +1.5% |
| 2002 | -2.79 billion current LCU | -28.1% |
| 2003 | -3.58 billion current LCU | +28.2% |
| 2004 | -2.85 billion current LCU | -20.2% |
| 2005 | -2.16 billion current LCU | -24.4% |
| 2006 | 5.52 billion current LCU | -355.9% |
| 2007 | 5.73 billion current LCU | +3.7% |
| 2008 | 7.53 billion current LCU | +31.4% |
| 2009 | -4.16 billion current LCU | -155.3% |
| 2010 | 2.10 billion current LCU | -150.5% |
| 2011 | 6.19 billion current LCU | +194.7% |
| 2012 | 10.38 billion current LCU | +67.7% |
| 2013 | 5.73 billion current LCU | -44.8% |
| 2014 | -1.78 billion current LCU | -131.0% |
| 2015 | -14.56 billion current LCU | +720.0% |
| 2016 | -11.44 billion current LCU | -21.4% |
| 2017 | -23.48 billion current LCU | +105.2% |
| 2018 | -15.40 billion current LCU | -34.4% |
| 2019 | -16.30 billion current LCU | +5.9% |
| 2020 | -68.04 billion current LCU | +317.4% |
| 2021 | -28.47 billion current LCU | -58.2% |
Peru compared with similar countries
- Peru's -28.47 billion current LCU is below the median for upper middle income countries, which is -15.25 billion current LCU, 1.9× the median. (47 countries reporting)
- Peru's -28.47 billion current LCU is below the median for Latin America & Caribbean, which is -7.93 billion current LCU, 3.6× the median. (25 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Peru changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | -7312.0% | -5.96 million current LCU | -441.46 million current LCU |
| 1989 | -3742.6% | -155,000 current LCU | -5.96 million current LCU |
| 2015 | -720.0% | -1.78 billion current LCU | -14.56 billion current LCU |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970s | -27.12 current LCU | -85 current LCU | -3 current LCU | 8 |
| 1980s | -618,181 current LCU | -5.96 million current LCU | -142 current LCU | 10 |
| 1990s | -831.47 million current LCU | -4.09 billion current LCU | 3.66 billion current LCU | 10 |
| 2000s | -446.33 million current LCU | -4.16 billion current LCU | 7.53 billion current LCU | 10 |
| 2010s | -5.85 billion current LCU | -23.48 billion current LCU | 10.38 billion current LCU | 10 |
| 2020s | -48.26 billion current LCU | -68.04 billion current LCU | -28.47 billion current LCU | 2 |
Countries ranked near Peru
More public sector data for Peru
- Democracy, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Chief executive of the government is elected, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Elected parliament, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Men's universal right to vote, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Universal right to vote, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Universal right to vote in practice, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Democracy 6 (2025)
- Chief executive of the government is elected 1 (2025)
- Elected parliament 1 (2025)
- Men's universal right to vote 1 (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Peru?
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Peru was -28.47 billion current LCU in 2021, according to Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF).
- What is the highest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) recorded in Peru?
- The highest recorded value was 10.38 billion current LCU in 2012.
- What is the lowest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) recorded in Peru?
- The lowest recorded value was -68.04 billion current LCU in 2020.
- How does Peru rank for net lending (+) / net borrowing (-)?
- Peru ranks 89th out of 156 countries with data for 2021.
- Is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) rising or falling in Peru?
- Over the last ten years it is down 559.8%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Peru data come from?
- The figures come from Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF), published as part of Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (current LCU). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (–) equals government revenue minus expense, minus net investment in nonfinancial assets. It is also equal to the net result of transactions in financial assets and liabilities. Net lending/net borrowing is a summary measure indicating the extent to which government is either putting financial resources at the disposal of other sectors in the economy or abroad, or utilizing the financial resources generated by other sectors in the economy or from abroad. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This series is expressed in local currency units.