Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Post-demographic dividend
Post-demographic dividend: Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) was -4.6% in 2024. ◆ Volatile
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Post-demographic dividend, 1972–2024
Source: Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF). Measured in % of GDP.
Analysis
The most recent figure for net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Post-demographic dividend is -4.6%, measured in 2024.
The figure is up 3.1% on the previous year and down 73.6% over ten years.
Over the whole period, net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Post-demographic dividend peaked at 1.4% in 2000 and was at its lowest, -10.3%, in 2020.
Post-demographic dividend ranks 15th of 24 groups on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Post-demographic dividend, year by year
| Year | % of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1972 | -0.3% | — |
| 1973 | -0.2% | -38.7% |
| 1974 | -0.0% | -93.6% |
| 1975 | -2.2% | +18992.0% |
| 1976 | -2.4% | +10.1% |
| 1977 | -1.6% | -34.1% |
| 1978 | -1.8% | +15.1% |
| 1979 | -1.4% | -23.5% |
| 1980 | -1.8% | +31.2% |
| 1981 | -1.6% | -12.2% |
| 1982 | -2.5% | +57.0% |
| 1983 | -3.6% | +43.6% |
| 1984 | -3.0% | -15.1% |
| 1985 | -3.0% | -2.1% |
| 1986 | -3.4% | +15.5% |
| 1987 | -2.7% | -21.8% |
| 1988 | -2.1% | -21.0% |
| 1989 | -1.8% | -16.9% |
| 1990 | -2.2% | +27.3% |
| 1991 | -3.0% | +35.8% |
| 1992 | -3.6% | +19.3% |
| 1993 | -3.8% | +5.2% |
| 1994 | -3.1% | -19.2% |
| 1995 | -3.4% | +9.7% |
| 1996 | -2.1% | -37.5% |
| 1997 | -0.7% | -67.0% |
| 1998 | 0.0% | -102.5% |
| 1999 | 0.5% | +2764.4% |
| 2000 | 1.4% | +181.9% |
| 2001 | 0.1% | -93.1% |
| 2002 | -1.9% | -2039.2% |
| 2003 | -2.7% | +44.5% |
| 2004 | -2.5% | -7.9% |
| 2005 | -2.0% | -21.6% |
| 2006 | -1.1% | -41.1% |
| 2007 | -1.0% | -12.0% |
| 2008 | -2.8% | +176.2% |
| 2009 | -6.9% | +147.6% |
| 2010 | -6.3% | -8.7% |
| 2011 | -5.5% | -13.6% |
| 2012 | -4.9% | -11.0% |
| 2013 | -3.0% | -38.0% |
| 2014 | -2.7% | -11.0% |
| 2015 | -2.3% | -14.4% |
| 2016 | -2.3% | +2.2% |
| 2017 | -1.7% | -26.0% |
| 2018 | -2.3% | +32.8% |
| 2019 | -2.6% | +12.3% |
| 2020 | -10.3% | +298.8% |
| 2021 | -8.2% | -21.0% |
| 2022 | -3.4% | -58.9% |
| 2023 | -4.8% | +43.2% |
| 2024 | -4.6% | -3.1% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970s | -1.2% | -2.4% | -0.0% | 8 |
| 1980s | -2.5% | -3.6% | -1.6% | 10 |
| 1990s | -2.2% | -3.8% | 0.5% | 10 |
| 2000s | -1.9% | -6.9% | 1.4% | 10 |
| 2010s | -3.4% | -6.3% | -1.7% | 10 |
| 2020s | -6.3% | -10.3% | -3.4% | 5 |
Countries ranked near Post-demographic dividend
More public sector data for Post-demographic dividend
- Arms imports 15.20 billion SIPRI trend indicator values (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), per capita 13.47 SIPRI trend indicator values per person (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), per unit of GDP 0.0002 SIPRI trend indicator values per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), annual growth rate 33.39 % change on previous year (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), gaps filled 15.20 billion SIPRI trend indicator values (2024)
- Military expenditure (current USD), per capita 1,472 current USD per person (2024)
- Military expenditure (current USD), per unit of GDP 0.0261 current USD per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Military expenditure (current USD), annual growth rate 9.78 % change on previous year (2024)
- Military expenditure (current USD), gaps filled 1.66 trillion current USD (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), per square kilometre 365.72 SIPRI trend indicator values per square kilometre (2023)
Frequently asked questions
- What is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Post-demographic dividend?
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in Post-demographic dividend was -4.6% in 2024, according to Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF).
- What is the highest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) recorded in Post-demographic dividend?
- The highest recorded value was 1.4% in 2000.
- What is the lowest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) recorded in Post-demographic dividend?
- The lowest recorded value was -10.3% in 2020.
- How does Post-demographic dividend rank for net lending (+) / net borrowing (-)?
- Post-demographic dividend ranks 15th out of 24 groups with data for 2024.
- Is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) rising or falling in Post-demographic dividend?
- Over the last ten years it is down 73.6%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Post-demographic dividend data come from?
- The figures come from Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF), published as part of Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (–) equals government revenue minus expense, minus net investment in nonfinancial assets. It is also equal to the net result of transactions in financial assets and liabilities. Net lending/net borrowing is a summary measure indicating the extent to which government is either putting financial resources at the disposal of other sectors in the economy or abroad, or utilizing the financial resources generated by other sectors in the economy or from abroad. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.