Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in World
World: Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) was -4.4% in 2023. ◆ Volatile
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in World, 1995–2023
Source: Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF). Measured in % of GDP.
Analysis
The most recent figure for net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in World is -4.4%, measured in 2023.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 35.7% on the previous year and down 60.5% over ten years.
Over the whole period, net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in World peaked at -0.1% in 1999 and was at its lowest, -9.4%, in 2020.
That places World 14th out of 26 groups with data for 2023, putting it in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | -1.2% | -2.6% | -0.1% | 3 |
| 2000s | -3.1% | -6.4% | -1.9% | 5 |
| 2010s | -3.1% | -5.4% | -2.2% | 10 |
| 2020s | -6.0% | -9.4% | -3.2% | 4 |
Countries ranked near World
More public sector data for World
- Arms imports 28.82 billion SIPRI trend indicator values (2024)
- Tax revenue 13.8% (2024)
- Taxes on income, profits and capital gains 26.4% (2024)
- Taxes on goods and services 31.0% (2024)
- Net investment in nonfinancial assets 1.6% (2023)
- Interest payments 6.9% (2023)
- Grants and other revenue 16.5% (2023)
- Interest payments 5.8% (2022)
- Other taxes 0.8% (2023)
- Compensation of employees 19.1% (2022)
Frequently asked questions
- What is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in World?
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in World was -4.4% in 2023, according to Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF).
- What is the highest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) recorded in World?
- The highest recorded value was -0.1% in 1999.
- What is the lowest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) recorded in World?
- The lowest recorded value was -9.4% in 2020.
- How does World rank for net lending (+) / net borrowing (-)?
- World ranks 14th out of 26 groups with data for 2023.
- Is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) rising or falling in World?
- Over the last ten years it is down 60.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this World data come from?
- The figures come from Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF), published as part of Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 22 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data).
About this data
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (–) equals government revenue minus expense, minus net investment in nonfinancial assets. It is also equal to the net result of transactions in financial assets and liabilities. Net lending/net borrowing is a summary measure indicating the extent to which government is either putting financial resources at the disposal of other sectors in the economy or abroad, or utilizing the financial resources generated by other sectors in the economy or from abroad. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.