Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) was -6.9% in 2024. ◆ Volatile
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, 1972–2024
Source: Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF). Measured in % of GDP.
Analysis
The most recent figure for net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is -6.9%, measured in 2024.
That represents a change of up 1.6% on the previous year and down 0.3% over ten years.
Over the whole period, net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland peaked at 1.1% in 1989 and was at its lowest, -14.8%, in 2020.
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ranks 140th of 156 countries on this measure, in the bottom quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, year by year
| Year | % of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1972 | 0.8% | — |
| 1973 | -0.4% | -155.2% |
| 1974 | -1.0% | +129.4% |
| 1975 | -3.2% | +222.8% |
| 1976 | -3.4% | +7.8% |
| 1977 | -2.2% | -36.8% |
| 1978 | -3.8% | +77.2% |
| 1979 | -3.7% | -4.1% |
| 1980 | -2.6% | -28.3% |
| 1981 | -3.8% | +44.7% |
| 1982 | -2.0% | -47.2% |
| 1983 | -2.7% | +32.0% |
| 1984 | -2.6% | -2.5% |
| 1985 | -1.7% | -33.4% |
| 1986 | -1.7% | -3.8% |
| 1987 | -1.1% | -31.4% |
| 1988 | 0.8% | -171.6% |
| 1989 | 1.1% | +33.4% |
| 1990 | -0.9% | -183.5% |
| 1991 | -2.3% | +156.7% |
| 1992 | -6.1% | +161.4% |
| 1993 | -7.5% | +22.7% |
| 1994 | -6.2% | -17.2% |
| 1995 | -7.0% | +13.0% |
| 1996 | -5.9% | -16.4% |
| 1997 | -3.8% | -34.6% |
| 1998 | -2.2% | -42.9% |
| 1999 | -1.4% | -36.3% |
| 2000 | -1.3% | -7.3% |
| 2001 | -2.0% | +51.2% |
| 2002 | -4.5% | +128.4% |
| 2003 | -5.9% | +32.1% |
| 2004 | -5.6% | -4.9% |
| 2005 | -5.4% | -2.8% |
| 2006 | -5.3% | -2.2% |
| 2007 | -5.2% | -2.0% |
| 2008 | -7.6% | +46.7% |
| 2009 | -12.5% | +63.1% |
| 2010 | -6.6% | -47.1% |
| 2011 | -9.6% | +45.3% |
| 2012 | -9.9% | +2.9% |
| 2013 | -6.6% | -33.3% |
| 2014 | -6.8% | +4.1% |
| 2015 | -5.6% | -18.4% |
| 2016 | -3.8% | -32.3% |
| 2017 | -3.4% | -9.6% |
| 2018 | -3.9% | +12.7% |
| 2019 | -3.5% | -8.1% |
| 2020 | -14.8% | +318.2% |
| 2021 | -9.2% | -38.1% |
| 2022 | -5.6% | -38.9% |
| 2023 | -7.0% | +24.6% |
| 2024 | -6.9% | -1.6% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970s | -2.1% | -3.8% | 0.8% | 8 |
| 1980s | -1.6% | -3.8% | 1.1% | 10 |
| 1990s | -4.3% | -7.5% | -0.9% | 10 |
| 2000s | -5.5% | -12.5% | -1.3% | 10 |
| 2010s | -6.0% | -9.9% | -3.4% | 10 |
| 2020s | -8.7% | -14.8% | -5.6% | 5 |
Countries ranked near United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
More public sector data for United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- Arms imports 643.00 million SIPRI trend indicator values (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), per capita 9.28 SIPRI trend indicator values per person (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), per unit of GDP 0.0002 SIPRI trend indicator values per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), annual growth rate 36.23 % change on previous year (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), gaps filled 643.00 million SIPRI trend indicator values (2024)
- Military expenditure (current USD), per capita 1,180 current USD per person (2024)
- Military expenditure (current USD), per unit of GDP 0.0221 current USD per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Military expenditure (current USD), annual growth rate 8.58 % change on previous year (2024)
- Military expenditure (current USD), gaps filled 81.76 billion current USD (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), per square kilometre 1,951 SIPRI trend indicator values per square kilometre (2023)
All data for United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland →
Frequently asked questions
- What is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland?
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland was -6.9% in 2024, according to Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF).
- What is the highest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) recorded in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland?
- The highest recorded value was 1.1% in 1989.
- What is the lowest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) recorded in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland?
- The lowest recorded value was -14.8% in 2020.
- How does United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland rank for net lending (+) / net borrowing (-)?
- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ranks 140th out of 156 countries with data for 2024.
- Is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) rising or falling in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland?
- Over the last ten years it is down 0.3%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland data come from?
- The figures come from Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF), published as part of Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
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About this data
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (–) equals government revenue minus expense, minus net investment in nonfinancial assets. It is also equal to the net result of transactions in financial assets and liabilities. Net lending/net borrowing is a summary measure indicating the extent to which government is either putting financial resources at the disposal of other sectors in the economy or abroad, or utilizing the financial resources generated by other sectors in the economy or from abroad. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.