Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in United States
United States: Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) was -7.2% in 2024. ◆ Volatile
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in United States, 1972–2024
Source: Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF). Measured in % of GDP.
Analysis
United States recorded -7.2% for net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in 2024.
The figure is up 0.9% on the previous year and down 94.2% over ten years.
Over the whole period, net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in United States peaked at 2.2% in 2000 and was at its lowest, -14.4%, in 2020.
That places United States 141st out of 156 countries with data for 2024, putting it in the bottom quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in United States, year by year
| Year | % of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1972 | -1.4% | — |
| 1973 | -1.0% | -25.3% |
| 1974 | -0.1% | -90.0% |
| 1975 | -2.4% | +2276.3% |
| 1976 | -3.4% | +41.9% |
| 1977 | -2.1% | -39.7% |
| 1978 | -1.7% | -15.1% |
| 1979 | -0.7% | -61.8% |
| 1980 | -1.8% | +165.7% |
| 1981 | -1.5% | -15.9% |
| 1982 | -3.1% | +110.8% |
| 1983 | -5.2% | +65.8% |
| 1984 | -4.0% | -22.3% |
| 1985 | -4.3% | +5.7% |
| 1986 | -4.6% | +6.9% |
| 1987 | -3.0% | -35.1% |
| 1988 | -3.0% | +0.4% |
| 1989 | -2.6% | -12.1% |
| 1990 | -3.7% | +39.9% |
| 1991 | -4.4% | +19.2% |
| 1992 | -4.4% | +1.2% |
| 1993 | -3.7% | -16.4% |
| 1994 | -2.8% | -24.5% |
| 1995 | -2.0% | -29.1% |
| 1996 | -1.4% | -30.2% |
| 1997 | -0.2% | -83.3% |
| 1998 | 0.8% | -446.5% |
| 1999 | 1.3% | +60.7% |
| 2000 | 2.2% | +73.6% |
| 2001 | 0.0% | -99.4% |
| 2002 | -2.8% | -20448.5% |
| 2003 | -4.1% | +43.4% |
| 2004 | -3.8% | -6.2% |
| 2005 | -3.0% | -20.6% |
| 2006 | -2.1% | -30.7% |
| 2007 | -2.4% | +15.8% |
| 2008 | -5.2% | +114.9% |
| 2009 | -10.2% | +94.4% |
| 2010 | -10.0% | -1.9% |
| 2011 | -8.9% | -10.5% |
| 2012 | -7.3% | -18.4% |
| 2013 | -4.2% | -43.2% |
| 2014 | -3.7% | -10.8% |
| 2015 | -3.2% | -13.6% |
| 2016 | -3.8% | +19.8% |
| 2017 | -2.9% | -23.1% |
| 2018 | -4.8% | +62.3% |
| 2019 | -5.4% | +12.1% |
| 2020 | -14.4% | +168.4% |
| 2021 | -12.7% | -11.7% |
| 2022 | -4.5% | -64.9% |
| 2023 | -7.3% | +62.8% |
| 2024 | -7.2% | -0.9% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970s | -1.6% | -3.4% | -0.1% | 8 |
| 1980s | -3.3% | -5.2% | -1.5% | 10 |
| 1990s | -2.0% | -4.4% | 1.3% | 10 |
| 2000s | -3.2% | -10.2% | 2.2% | 10 |
| 2010s | -5.4% | -10.0% | -2.9% | 10 |
| 2020s | -9.2% | -14.4% | -4.5% | 5 |
Countries ranked near United States
More public sector data for United States
- Arms imports 1.21 billion SIPRI trend indicator values (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), per capita 3.56 SIPRI trend indicator values per person (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), per unit of GDP 0 SIPRI trend indicator values per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), annual growth rate 52.65 % change on previous year (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), gaps filled 1.21 billion SIPRI trend indicator values (2024)
- Military expenditure (current USD), per capita 2,933 current USD per person (2024)
- Military expenditure (current USD), per unit of GDP 0.034 current USD per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Military expenditure (current USD), annual growth rate 8.87 % change on previous year (2024)
- Military expenditure (current USD), gaps filled 997.31 billion current USD (2024)
- Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), per square kilometre 86.58 SIPRI trend indicator values per square kilometre (2023)
Frequently asked questions
- What is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in United States?
- Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) in United States was -7.2% in 2024, according to Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF).
- What is the highest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) recorded in United States?
- The highest recorded value was 2.2% in 2000.
- What is the lowest net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) recorded in United States?
- The lowest recorded value was -14.4% in 2020.
- How does United States rank for net lending (+) / net borrowing (-)?
- United States ranks 141st out of 156 countries with data for 2024.
- Is net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) rising or falling in United States?
- Over the last ten years it is down 94.2%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this United States data come from?
- The figures come from Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF), published as part of Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (–) equals government revenue minus expense, minus net investment in nonfinancial assets. It is also equal to the net result of transactions in financial assets and liabilities. Net lending/net borrowing is a summary measure indicating the extent to which government is either putting financial resources at the disposal of other sectors in the economy or abroad, or utilizing the financial resources generated by other sectors in the economy or from abroad. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.