Subsidies and other transfers (% of expense) by country
Subsidies are current unrequited payments that government units, including nonresident government units, make to enterprises on the basis of the levels of their production activities or the quantities or values of the goods or services that they produce, sell, export or import. This indicator is expressed as...
Countries reporting
152
Highest
83.9%
Czechia
Lowest
5.4%
Samoa
Median
37.6%
Years covered
53
1972–2024
Data points
4,500
What the numbers show
Subsidies and other transfers (% of expense) is currently reported for 152 countries. The highest value is 83.9% in Czechia; the lowest is 5.4% in Samoa.
The median across all reporting countries is 37.6%, and the mean is 39.8%.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 16.
Over the past decade 100 countries rose and 51 fell. The largest increase was in Singapore (up 6,142.3%), and the largest decrease in Ukraine (down 60.2%).
Subsidies and other transfers: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Czechia | 83.9% | 2022 | up 13.4% | rising |
| 2 | Spain | 80.4% | 2023 | up 5.7% | rising |
| 3 | Germany | 80.1% | 2022 | down 3.2% | rising |
| 4 | Nepal | 77.2% | 2021 | up 44.2% | rising |
| 5 | Netherlands | 76.5% | 2023 | up 0.0% | rising |
| 6 | Switzerland | 74.9% | 2023 | down 0.4% | rising |
| 7 | Russia | 74.2% | 2020 | up 22.6% | rising |
| 8 | Austria | 73.9% | 2023 | up 3.3% | volatile |
| 9 | Mongolia | 72.3% | 2021 | up 47.7% | flat |
| 10 | Sweden | 71.5% | 2022 | down 0.7% | rising |
| 11 | Lithuania | 70.2% | 2023 | up 13.2% | rising |
| 12 | Australia | 69.4% | 2022 | up 3.1% | volatile |
| 13 | North Macedonia | 69.1% | 2023 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 14 | Kazakhstan | 69.0% | 2023 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 15 | Canada | 68.9% | 2023 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 16 | Argentina | 68.8% | 2023 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 17 | South Korea | 68.5% | 2023 | up 9.6% | rising |
| 18 | Moldova | 66.0% | 2023 | up 25.5% | rising |
| 19 | Norway | 64.3% | 2023 | down 3.5% | rising |
| 20 | Estonia | 64.3% | 2023 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 21 | United States | 64.1% | 2023 | up 0.2% | rising |
| 22 | Belarus | 63.8% | 2023 | down 10.6% | rising |
| 23 | Italy | 63.3% | 2023 | down 5.6% | rising |
| 24 | Mexico | 63.1% | 2023 | up 1.2% | flat |
| 25 | Brazil | 62.8% | 2023 | up 5.1% | rising |
| 26 | France | 62.4% | 2023 | up 17.0% | volatile |
| 27 | Colombia | 60.8% | 2023 | up 11.1% | rising |
| 28 | Indonesia | 60.4% | 2009 | up 12.2% | volatile |
| 29 | Luxembourg | 59.6% | 2023 | up 17.7% | volatile |
| 30 | Serbia | 59.5% | 2022 | up 6.4% | rising |
| 31 | Croatia | 59.4% | 2023 | up 47.3% | rising |
| 32 | Romania | 58.9% | 2022 | up 1.0% | rising |
| 33 | Albania | 58.8% | 2023 | up 26.4% | rising |
| 34 | Latvia | 58.2% | 2023 | up 5.2% | rising |
| 35 | South Africa | 54.8% | 2022 | down 11.0% | rising |
| 36 | Portugal | 54.8% | 2023 | up 5.5% | rising |
| 37 | Greece | 54.4% | 2023 | up 23.3% | rising |
| 38 | Georgia | 54.2% | 2023 | up 9.3% | rising |
| 39 | Uruguay | 54.1% | 2023 | up 14.5% | rising |
| 40 | Tanzania | 54.0% | 2024 | up 2.5% | rising |
| 41 | Papua New Guinea | 53.1% | 2023 | down 3.8% | rising |
| 42 | Belgium | 53.1% | 2022 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 43 | Ethiopia | 51.9% | 2023 | down 13.9% | rising |
| 44 | New Zealand | 50.3% | 2022 | up 7.6% | rising |
| 45 | Chile | 50.3% | 2023 | up 10.5% | falling |
| 46 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 49.4% | 2023 | up 4.5% | rising |
| 47 | Uzbekistan | 49.0% | 2023 | down 15.7% | falling |
| 48 | Bulgaria | 48.2% | 2023 | up 6.0% | flat |
| 49 | Cyprus | 47.9% | 2023 | up 25.2% | rising |
| 50 | Poland | 47.6% | 2023 | up 5.4% | rising |
| 51 | Lebanon | 47.2% | 2021 | up 34.9% | rising |
| 52 | United Kingdom | 47.2% | 2023 | down 10.5% | rising |
| 53 | Slovakia | 46.7% | 2022 | up 0.9% | rising |
| 54 | Bolivia | 46.7% | 2007 | down 1.0% | volatile |
| 55 | Tunisia | 46.2% | 2012 | up 44.0% | rising |
| 56 | Peru | 45.1% | 2021 | down 7.1% | volatile |
| 57 | Finland | 44.7% | 2023 | down 12.7% | rising |
| 58 | Rwanda | 44.0% | 2023 | up 19.5% | rising |
| 59 | Zimbabwe | 44.0% | 2018 | up 1,188.9% | volatile |
| 60 | Slovenia | 43.8% | 2023 | up 13.6% | falling |
| 61 | Malaysia | 43.6% | 2023 | down 1.6% | flat |
| 62 | Cote d'Ivoire | 43.6% | 2023 | up 268.5% | volatile |
| 63 | India | 42.5% | 2022 | up 9.5% | rising |
| 64 | Israel | 42.4% | 2023 | up 7.9% | rising |
| 65 | Turkey | 42.0% | 2023 | down 17.6% | rising |
| 66 | Tajikistan | 42.0% | 2023 | — | rising |
| 67 | Armenia | 40.8% | 2023 | up 10.6% | rising |
| 68 | Thailand | 40.5% | 2023 | up 18.3% | rising |
| 69 | San Marino | 40.3% | 2023 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 70 | Hungary | 40.3% | 2022 | down 28.0% | falling |
| 71 | Kuwait | 39.7% | 2006 | up 45.1% | volatile |
| 72 | Ireland | 38.8% | 2022 | down 8.8% | falling |
| 73 | Kyrgyzstan | 38.5% | 2023 | down 7.8% | falling |
| 74 | Mauritius | 38.3% | 2023 | up 16.2% | rising |
| 75 | Azerbaijan | 38.0% | 2022 | up 9.1% | falling |
| 76 | Barbados | 37.9% | 2016 | down 4.3% | rising |
| 77 | Cambodia | 37.3% | 2023 | up 57.7% | rising |
| 78 | Egypt | 37.2% | 2015 | up 39.4% | volatile |
| 79 | Nicaragua | 37.0% | 2023 | up 9.8% | rising |
| 80 | Ecuador | 36.6% | 2022 | up 35.4% | rising |
| 81 | Kiribati | 35.5% | 2023 | up 124.3% | rising |
| 82 | Morocco | 35.2% | 2023 | up 11.0% | rising |
| 83 | Malta | 35.2% | 2023 | down 5.4% | flat |
| 84 | Burkina Faso | 35.1% | 2023 | up 320.3% | volatile |
| 85 | Uganda | 34.7% | 2023 | up 13.4% | rising |
| 86 | Guatemala | 34.7% | 2023 | up 8.6% | rising |
| 87 | Iran | 34.3% | 2009 | up 43.6% | rising |
| 88 | Bangladesh | 34.1% | 2021 | down 0.8% | rising |
| 89 | Fiji | 34.1% | 2023 | up 6.3% | rising |
| 90 | Madagascar | 33.9% | 2023 | down 7.0% | rising |
| 91 | Trinidad and Tobago | 33.9% | 2019 | down 24.7% | rising |
| 92 | Namibia | 33.1% | 2023 | down 7.6% | rising |
| 93 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 33.0% | 2020 | up 204.5% | rising |
| 94 | Congo | 32.9% | 2021 | up 14.5% | rising |
| 95 | Macao | 32.6% | 2023 | down 2.9% | rising |
| 96 | Togo | 32.4% | 2023 | up 18.4% | rising |
| 97 | Somalia | 32.2% | 2023 | up 300.9% | volatile |
| 98 | Iraq | 32.1% | 2019 | down 4.7% | flat |
| 99 | Bahrain | 30.1% | 2020 | down 6.3% | volatile |
| 100 | Paraguay | 30.1% | 2023 | up 17.1% | rising |
| 101 | Palau | 29.4% | 2020 | up 186.8% | rising |
| 102 | Iceland | 29.4% | 2023 | up 12.5% | falling |
| 103 | Maldives | 28.7% | 2021 | up 161.4% | volatile |
| 104 | Cape Verde | 28.2% | 2020 | down 6.0% | falling |
| 105 | Ukraine | 27.8% | 2023 | down 60.2% | falling |
| 106 | Panama | 27.4% | 2021 | down 10.3% | falling |
| 107 | Lesotho | 26.9% | 2022 | up 5.7% | rising |
| 108 | Philippines | 26.5% | 2023 | up 10.1% | rising |
| 109 | Burundi | 26.3% | 2021 | down 9.6% | rising |
| 110 | Nauru | 26.0% | 2020 | up 168.8% | volatile |
| 111 | Jordan | 25.8% | 2023 | down 20.0% | rising |
| 112 | Sudan | 25.1% | 2016 | down 45.6% | volatile |
| 113 | Eswatini | 25.0% | 2021 | up 16.7% | rising |
| 114 | Saint Lucia | 24.0% | 2017 | up 155.1% | rising |
| 115 | Cameroon | 23.5% | 2021 | down 4.3% | rising |
| 116 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 23.5% | 2017 | up 27.3% | rising |
| 117 | El Salvador | 23.3% | 2023 | up 59.2% | rising |
| 118 | Malawi | 22.7% | 2022 | down 21.9% | falling |
| 119 | Bahamas | 22.5% | 2023 | up 192.9% | rising |
| 120 | Singapore | 22.5% | 2023 | up 6,142.3% | volatile |
| 121 | United Arab Emirates | 22.4% | 2023 | down 12.3% | flat |
| 122 | Sri Lanka | 21.0% | 2023 | up 5.5% | falling |
| 123 | Dominican Republic | 20.9% | 2023 | down 21.2% | falling |
| 124 | Myanmar | 20.8% | 2019 | up 36.9% | rising |
| 125 | Mali | 20.3% | 2020 | up 25.1% | rising |
| 126 | Angola | 19.6% | 2019 | up 0.5% | rising |
| 127 | Senegal | 19.6% | 2023 | down 9.1% | rising |
| 128 | Vanuatu | 17.8% | 2023 | up 43.7% | rising |
| 129 | Ghana | 17.8% | 2022 | down 21.2% | falling |
| 130 | Gabon | 17.7% | 2021 | down 44.9% | falling |
| 131 | Kenya | 17.4% | 2023 | down 41.6% | falling |
| 132 | Marshall Islands | 17.1% | 2020 | up 3.6% | rising |
| 133 | Honduras | 17.0% | 2020 | up 159.8% | falling |
| 134 | Botswana | 16.9% | 2023 | down 9.3% | falling |
| 135 | Bhutan | 15.9% | 2020 | up 269.4% | volatile |
| 136 | Equatorial Guinea | 15.3% | 2022 | down 50.2% | volatile |
| 137 | Seychelles | 15.1% | 2008 | down 40.5% | rising |
| 138 | Costa Rica | 14.9% | 2023 | down 32.5% | rising |
| 139 | Belize | 14.8% | 2002 | up 90.5% | rising |
| 140 | East Timor | 14.1% | 2022 | down 19.2% | rising |
| 141 | Denmark | 13.3% | 2023 | down 17.7% | volatile |
| 142 | Zambia | 12.6% | 2021 | up 16.8% | falling |
| 143 | Guinea-Bissau | 11.9% | 2023 | up 7.2% | falling |
| 144 | Mozambique | 11.9% | 2022 | down 33.4% | falling |
| 145 | Laos | 11.7% | 2022 | up 6.4% | rising |
| 146 | Saudi Arabia | 11.3% | 2023 | up 7.8% | rising |
| 147 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 10.7% | 2022 | up 49.1% | volatile |
| 148 | Tonga | 10.6% | 2023 | up 55.2% | rising |
| 149 | Afghanistan | 10.5% | 2017 | up 106.8% | volatile |
| 150 | Micronesia (country) | 7.7% | 2020 | up 20.6% | volatile |
| 151 | Solomon Islands | 6.4% | 2022 | down 17.2% | falling |
| 152 | Samoa | 5.4% | 2023 | down 18.2% | falling |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- North America 66.5%
- Euro area 59.4%
- Post-demographic dividend 62.4%
- European Union 58.2%
- OECD members 61.6%
- Central Europe and the Baltics 58.2%
- Europe & Central Asia 54.8%
- High income 54.6%
- Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) 49.4%
- Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries) 49.2%
- Late-demographic dividend 49.1%
- Other small states 47.9%
- IBRD only 45.6%
- World 44.9%
- Latin America & Caribbean 43.6%
- Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries) 43.6%
- Upper middle income 42.0%
- Small states 39.8%
- IDA & IBRD total 38.0%
- Middle income 37.8%
- East Asia & Pacific 37.7%
- Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income) 37.0%
- Low & middle income 36.6%
- East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income) 35.5%
- East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries) 35.5%
- Early-demographic dividend 35.3%
- Caribbean Small States 33.9%
- South Asia 32.3%
- South Asia (IDA & IBRD) 32.3%
- Lower middle income 31.9%
- Africa Eastern and Southern 30.9%
- IDA blend 29.0%
- IDA total 28.3%
- IDA only 28.3%
- Least developed countries 27.2%
- Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) 26.3%
- Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income) 25.4%
- Sub-Saharan Africa 25.4%
- Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries) 25.4%
- Pre-demographic dividend 21.8%
About this data
Subsidies are current unrequited payments that government units, including nonresident government units, make to enterprises on the basis of the levels of their production activities or the quantities or values of the goods or services that they produce, sell, export or import. This indicator is expressed as percentage of total expenses which is any decrease in net worth resulting from a transaction.